文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：华南深远海养殖鱼类发光杆菌病病原菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

英文题名：Isolation,identification,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pathogenic bacteria associated with photobacteriosis in deep-sea and far-sea cultured fish in southern China

作者：黄郁葱[1,2];孙恒[1,2];王浩宇[1,2];杨林狄[1,2];何玉艳[1,2];蔡双虎[1,2];简纪常[1,2];黎东[3]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088;[2]广东省水产动物病害防控及健康养殖重点实验室、广东高等学校水产经济动物病害控制重点实验室,广东湛江524088;[3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江),广东湛江524057

年份：2026

卷号：53

期号：5

起止页码：2438

中文期刊名：微生物学通报

外文期刊名：Microbiology China

收录：北大核心2023、、北大核心

基金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2401204);广东省重点研发计划(2021B0202040002)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：发光杆菌病;美人鱼发光杆菌;军曹鱼;卵形鲳鲹;星点笛鲷;多位点序列分型

外文关键词：photobacteriosis;Photobacterium damselae;Rachycentron canadum;Trachinotus ovatus;Lutjanus stellatus;multilocus sequence typing(MLST)

中文摘要：【背景】发光杆菌病是海水鱼类养殖过程危害较大的细菌性传染病之一,死亡率高,常导致严重的经济损失。近年来,随着深远海养殖业的快速发展,发光杆菌病已成为深远海养殖中亟待防控的一种重要细菌病。【目的】明确深远海养殖鱼类越冬期发光杆菌病的病因。【方法】从患发光杆菌病的军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)、卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)和星点笛鲷(Lutjanus stellatus)分离纯化病原菌,并对其进行形态学观察、生理生化特性鉴定、16S rRNA基因和ToxR基因序列测定、毒力基因检测、多位点序列分型(multilocus sequence typing,MLST)、感染实验及药敏试验。【结果】从患病鱼共分离获得15株病原菌,均具有较强的致病性,对军曹鱼的半数致死量(median lethal dose,LD50)为0.83×10^(4)-4.00×10^(4) CFU/mL;经形态学观察及生理生化鉴定均为美人鱼发光杆菌杀鱼亚种(Photobacterium damselae subsp.piscicida);毒力基因检测显示P55基因的检出率最高(86.7%),其余毒力基因(Aip56,Pdp-0080,Sod,irp1)显示不同的携带率;MLST将分离菌共分为3种ST型,其中ST46为优势ST型,另有2种新的ST型;组织病理观察发现患病鱼肝、脾、肾组织均发生典型的肉芽肿病变。药敏试验结果显示,不同地理、宿主来源的分离菌表现出不同程度的药物敏感性。综合致病性、毒力基因携带情况和药敏结果发现,军曹鱼源菌株RC2023b毒力最强,携带上述5种毒力基因,并且具有较强的耐药性,值得重点关注。【结论】华南深远海养殖鱼类越冬期发光杆菌病的病原菌为美人鱼发光杆菌杀鱼亚种,研究结果为该病的临床诊断、疫苗研发及精准用药提供了理论依据。

外文摘要：[Background]Photobacteriosis is an infectious bacterial disease that causes considerable harm in marine fish aquaculture.It is characterized by a high mortality rate and often results in serious economic losses.In recent years,with the rapid development of deep-sea and far-sea aquaculture,photobacteriosis has emerged as a major bacterial disease requiring urgent prevention and control measures.[Objective]To identify the etiology of photobacteriosis in deepsea and far-sea cultured fish during the overwintering period.[Methods]Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from cobia(Rachycentron canadum),golden pompano(Trachinotus ovatus),and white spotted snapper(Lutjanus stellatus)exhibiting symptoms of photobacteriosis and were subjected to morphological observation,physicochemical and biochemical characterization,16S rRNA and ToxR sequence analysis,virulence gene detection,multilocus sequence typing(MLST),and infection and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.[Results]A total of 15 pathogenic bacterial strains were isolated from diseased fish,all exhibiting strong pathogenicity.The median lethal dose(LD50)in cobia was determined to be between 0.83×10^(4) CFU/mL and 4.00×10^(4) CFU/mL.On the basis of morphological,physiological,and biochemical analyses,these isolates were identified as Photobacterium damselae subsp.piscicida.Virulence gene detection revealed the highest detection rate for P55(86.7%),with variable detection rates for other virulence genes(Aip56,Pdp-0080,Sod,and irp1).MLST classified these isolates into three distinct sequence types(ST),with ST46 being dominant.In addition,two new STs were identified.Histopathological examination showed typical granulomatous lesions in the liver,spleen,and kidney tissue of infected fish.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated that the strains isolated from different geographical and host sources exhibited different degrees of antimicrobial sensitivity.Considering pathogenicity,virulence genes,and antimicrobial susceptibility,the strain RC2023b isolated from cobia exhibited the highest virulence potential among the tested strains.This strain carried all the five virulence genes assessed and demonstrated strong antimicrobial resistance,warranting close monitoring and further investigation.[Conclusion]The causative agent of photobacteriosis in deep-sea and far-sea cultured fish in southern China during the overwintering period is P.damselae subsp.piscicida.These findings provide a scientific basis for clinical diagnosis,vaccine development,and targeted antimicrobial therapy in the effective prevention and control of this disease.