文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：复合蛋白源对杂交石斑鱼生长和肠道菌群的影响

英文题名：Effects of complex protein sources on the growth and intestinal microflora of hybrid grouper

作者：梁伟兴[1];迟淑艳[1,2];杨烜懿[1];车明晓[1];陆梓晔[1];王嘉[3];谭北平[1,2]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,水产动物营养与饲料实验室,湛江524088;[2]广东省水产动物精准营养与高效饲料工程技术研究中心,湛江524088;[3]恺勒司(上海)商务信息咨询有限公司,上海200041

年份：2023

卷号：39

期号：4

起止页码：256

中文期刊名：农业工程学报

外文期刊名：Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

收录：CSTPCD、、EI(收录号：20232714365174)、CSCD2023_2024、Scopus、北大核心、CSCD、北大核心2020

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0900200);广东省普通高校重点领域专项-服务乡村振兴重点领域专项(2020ZDZX1034);湛江市科技计划项目(2020A02001)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：饲料;蛋白;荚膜甲基球菌蛋白;棉籽蛋白;杂交石斑鱼;生长性能;肠道菌群

外文关键词：feeds;protein;methanotroph bacteria meal;cottonseed meal;hybrid grouper;growth performance;intestinal microflora

中文摘要：该试验旨在探究复合荚膜甲基球菌蛋白(methanotroph bacteria meal,MBM)与棉籽蛋白(cottonseed meal,CSM)在降低鱼粉(fish meal,FM)的饲料中对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatus♂)生长性能和肠道菌群的影响。以基础饲料(FM为40%)为FM组,降低FM至30%,添加复合蛋白源(MBM为4%,CSM为12%)为MC组,投喂初质量为(28.85±0.04)g的石斑鱼56 d。结果显示,两组石斑鱼生长性能、存活、饲料利用和体形态指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。MC组肌肉丙氨酸、组氨酸和精氨酸显著升高(P<0.05),脯氨酸含量显著降低,血脂含量和转氨酶以及肝脏丙二醛显著降低(P<0.05),肠道总抗氧化能力和绒毛长度显著升高(P<0.05),肠道菌群Shannon和Simpson指数升高,菌群功能在代谢相关通路的富集度升高,环境信息处理相关通路的富集度降低。综上所述,MBM和CSM复合蛋白源能提高肝脏和肠道抗氧化能力,改善肠道发育和菌群结构。研究结果为MBM和CSM复合替代石斑鱼饲料鱼粉的使用提供参考。

外文摘要：Methanotroph bacteria meal(MBM)is one type of single-cell protein produced by Methylococcus capsulatus.The greenhouse gas methane can be taken as the sola carbon source,similar to the protein content and amino acid composition of the fish meal.Cottonseed meal(CSM)is a reliable plant protein source with more than 60%protein content by removing some fiber from cottonseed.According to the amount of MBM in the previous experiment,this study aims to improve intestinal health and the safe application range of CSM in the fishmeal replacement for fish.A complex protein(MC)mixed with the 4%MBM and 12%CSM was formulated and then used in the hybrid grouper’s feed.An investigation was made to clarify the effects of MC in the fishmeal-reducing diet on the growth performance,body composition,serum biochemical indices,liver and intestinal histomorphology,and the intestinal microflora of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatus♂.An 8-week feeding trial was conducted with the 180 healthy juvenile grouper(30 fish in each tank,and 3 tanks in each group)at an average weight of(28.85±0.04)g.Two iso-nitrogenous and lipid diets were formulated to contain a control group(FM group)with 40%fishmeal as the basic protein source,and an experimental group(MC group)that reduced the fishmeal content to 30%and added the MC(consisting of 4%MBM and 12%CSM)to balance the protein content.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the weight gain rate,specific growth rate,survival rate,feed conversion ratio,feed intake rate,fatness,viscera/body index,and liver/body index in the two groups.The moisture of whole fish in the FM group was higher than that in the MC group.The contents of alanine,histidine and arginine in muscle were significantly lower than those in the MC group,whereas,the content of proline in muscle was significantly higher than that in the MC group.The contents of serum triglyceride,total cholesterol,aspartate aminotransferase activity,and liver malondialdehyde in the MC group were significantly lower than those in the FM group.The total intestinal antioxidant capacity in the MC group was significantly higher than that in the FM group,whereas,the length of intestinal villi was significantly longer,and the intestinal wall thickness was significantly lower than that in the FM group.16s rDNA sequencing results showed that the Chao1 and ACE indexes of alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota in the MC group were lower than those in the FM group,while the Shannon and Simpson indexes were higher than those in the FM group.There was a variation in the structure of intestinal microflora in the two groups.In the MC group,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased at the phylum level,and the relative abundance of Alpharoteobacteria and Deltaroteobacteria increased,whereas,the relative abundance of Gammaroteobacteria decreased at the class level,while the total abundance of Vibrio,Photobacterium and Aeromonas decreased at the genus level.The microbial functional taxa predicted that the potential pathogen taxa decreased in the MC group.The KEGG pathways enrichment analysis of intestinal microflora genes showed that the MC group presented a much higher enrichment in the metabolism and organic system than the FM group,but a lower enrichment in the cell process and environmental information processing.To sum up,there was no negative effect on the juvenile grouper’s survival,the growth and feed utilization feeding MC added in the fish meal-reducing diet.There was a significant increase in the dry matter of whole fish,in order to improve the antioxidant capacity of the liver and intestine.The intestinal morphological development was stimulated to enhance the intestinal microbial richness,and then to reduce the pathogenic bacteria abundance for a stable intestinal microflora.Anyway,the optimal strategy can be the complex protein mixed with the MBM and CSM used in a fishmeal-reducing diet for the juvenile hybrid grouper.As such,the utilization efficiency of protein sources can be improved by the optimal combination.