文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Staged KHCO3 pyrolysis of Clausena lansium seeds: Correlating thermal parameters with hierarchical carbon electrodes for enhanced capacitive energy storage

作者：Xu, Qing[1,4];Zhang, Shenwei[1,2,3,4];Ni, Xuanyuan[1,2,3,4];Zhao, Yunxing[2,3];Li, Denian[2,3];Yuan, Haoran[2,3]

机构：[1]Guangdong Ocean Univ, Coll Ocean Engn & Energy, 1 Haida Rd, Zhanjiang 524088, Peoples R China;[2]Guangdong Prov Key Lab High Qual Recycling End Lif, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China;[3]Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Energy Convers, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China;[4]Guangdong Prov Key Lab Intelligent Equipment South, Zhanjiang, Peoples R China

年份：2026

卷号：194

外文期刊名：JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS

收录：SCI-EXPANDED(收录号：WOS:001637135400001)、、WOS

基金：This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52476190, No.52376171) , Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2021349) ; Guangdong youth talent support program (2021TQ06L121) , Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2022A1515110532) , Basic and Applied Basic Research Projects of Guangzhou (2025A04J4318) . Joint Training Demonstration Base Project for Graduate Students of "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences" in Guangdong Province.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Clausena lansium (wampee); Pyrolysis; Porous-carbon; Supercapacitors; Thermal parameter optimization

外文摘要：This study develops a staged pyrolysis protocol using KHCO3 activation under inert nitrogen atmosphere to convert agricultural waste (Clausena lansium seeds) into hierarchical porous carbon. By precisely controlling thermal conditions-pre-carbonization at 400 degrees C followed by dual-stage activation (300 degrees C hold, then 800 degrees C)- with optimized solid-to-activator ratios, we establish a correlation between pyrolysis parameters and material properties. The process leverages KHCO3's staged decomposition for controlled pore evolution, yielding carbon matrices with microporous dominance (specific surface area 1366 m2 g-1, microporosity 84 %) while preserving structural coherence. Chemical characterization confirms oxygen-functionalized surfaces and enhanced graphitization via XPS and Raman analyses. Electrochemical validation using KOH electrolyte demonstrates superior capacitive behavior (346.3 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, 242.5 F g-1 at 20 A g-1) and cycling stability (100.9 % retention after 10,000 cycles). Symmetric supercapacitors deliver 8.96 Wh kg-1 energy density at 250 W kg-1, confirming applicability in energy storage systems. Our pyrolysis methodology provides an eco-compatible route to transform biomass into functional carbon materials without aggressive etching agents.