文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：激光熔覆等原子比CoCrFeNi-V高熵合金 涂层的磨损行为研究

英文题名：Wear Behavior of the Equiatomic CoCrFeNi-V High-entropy Alloy Coating Prepared by Laser Cladding

作者：罗方焰[1];金宏涛[1];陈泽桓[1];师文庆[2];黄江[1]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学电子与信息工程学院,广东湛江524000;[2]广东海洋大学材料科学与工程学院,广东阳江529500

年份：2026

卷号：55

期号：5

起止页码：179

中文期刊名：表面技术

外文期刊名：Surface Technology

收录：北大核心2023、、北大核心

基金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(62073089);南海海洋牧场智能装备广东省重点实验室基金(2023B1212030003);广东海洋大学优秀研究生学位论文培育项目(202534)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：高熵合金;磨损行为;激光熔覆;显微硬度;微观结构;磨损机制

外文关键词：high-entropy alloys;wear behavior;laser cladding;microhardness;microstructure;wear mechanism

中文摘要：目的本研究旨在设计一种等原子比的CoCrFeNiV高熵合金,通过对比CoCrFeNi与CoCrFeNiV高熵合金(HEA)涂层的微观结构、相组成、硬度及耐磨性能,探究V元素对高熵合金涂层力学性能的影响机制,为提升高熵合金耐磨性能提供理论与实验依据。方法采用激光熔覆技术制备CoCrFeNi和CoCrFeNiV HEA涂层。借助X射线衍射(XRD)分析涂层的相组成,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察微观结构及元素分布情况,通过显微硬度计测试涂层显微硬度,并在磨损试验机上评估其耐磨性能,结合磨损表面形貌分析磨损机制。结果与CoCrFeNi涂层相比,CoCrFeNiV涂层的FCC相峰位向左偏移,且新生成金属间化合物相(Ni3V);其晶粒显著细化,元素分布均匀,无明显偏析现象。性能测试表明,CoCrFeNi涂层的平均硬度为188.16HV,平均摩擦因数为0.75,磨损率为7.16×10^(?5) mm^(3)/(N·m)。磨损机制主要为磨料磨损和氧化磨损。相比之下,CoCrFeNiV涂层的平均硬度为222.91HV,较未添加V的涂层提升18.5%;平均摩擦因数为0.69,降低8%;磨损率为1.97×10^(?5) mm^(3)/(N·m),降低72.5%。磨损机制主要为氧化磨损、黏着磨损和磨料磨损,涂层表面形成的氧化润滑层能有效降低摩擦因数。结论V元素的加入促进了CoCrFeNiV涂层中Ni3V金属间化合物相的形成,与FCC相形成“软基体-硬质点”协同强化结构,抑制了裂纹的产生与扩展。同时,V元素加速了磨损过程中促进了更致密润滑层(氧化膜)的生成,形成的润滑层进一步提升了涂层的耐磨性能。该研究证实,通过添加V元素可显著改善高熵合金涂层的综合耐磨性能,为耐磨涂层材料的设计提供了新的思路。

外文摘要：The work aims to develop an equiatomic high-entropy alloy(HEA)coating with excellent wear resistance.In the HEA system,CoCrFeNi-based HEAs with a face-centered cubic(FCC)structure have attracted significant attention due to their good ductility,excellent fracture toughness,high work-hardening capacity and outstanding corrosion resistance.However,their relatively low hardness and limited wear resistance have restricted their widespread application to a certain extent.By rationally adjusting the composition of HEAs,it is expected to significantly improve the wear resistance of the alloys.In this experiment,equiatomic V particles were added to CoCrFeNi HEA and CoCrFeNi coatings and CoCrFeNiV coatings were prepared by laser cladding technology.Their phase composition,microstructure,microhardness and wear resistance were studied.Q235B was used as the substrate.After removal of surface oxides and impurities with 80#sandpaper,the plates were placed in an oven to dry for subsequent use.Equiatomic CoCrFeNi HEA powder was selected and equiatomic V elements were added.The powders were mixed for 4 hours in a planetary ball mill at a rotation speed of 18 r/min.A standard mold was used to prefabricate a mixed powder with a thickness of(2±0.1)mm on the substrate surface.The laser cladding process was carried out in an Ar gas environment with a flow rate of 5 L/min.A continuous fiber processing system(XL-F2000W)was used for laser cladding.All parameters were obtained from pre-experiments(laser power:1800 W,scanning rate:500 mm/min,defocusing amount:+5 mm,spot diameter:2.5 mm,overlap rate:50%,number of melting passes:20 and melting length:45 mm).The prepared coating was cut with a wire electrical discharge machine.A field-emission scanning electron microscope(SEM,QUANT 250,Eindhoven USA)equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS,Noran System 7,Thermo Fisher Scientific,MA,USA)was used to analyze the cross-sectional microstructure and element distribution of the coating.To detect and analyze the surface phases of the coating,a high-resolution X-ray diffractometer(XRD,SmartLab 9 kW,Rigaku,Tokyo,JPN)was used,with Cu-Kαradiation(λ=0.1540598 nm),a diffraction angle range of 20°-90°,a voltage of 40 kV,and a current of 40 mA.The microhardness of the coating was measured with a Vickers hardness tester(model:MHVD-1000AT,manufacturer:SE,Yizong Precision Instrument Co.).A load of 200 g was applied at the same horizontal position for 10 seconds and the average of three measurements was taken as the result.Additionally,the wear resistance of the coating was evaluated with a pin-on-disc friction and wear tester(model:SFT-2M,manufacturer:Lanzhou Zhongkehua Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou,China)equipped with a displacement sensor.The coating friction test used a 4 mm GCr15 steel ball as the counterpart under wear conditions,with a load of 25 N,a rotational radius of 2 mm,a rotational speed of 200 r/min and a test duration of 30 minutes.The morphology of the worn surface of the coating was observed through SEM.An equiatomic CoCrFeNiV HEA was designed By comparing the microstructure,phase composition,hardness and wear resistance of CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeNiV HEA coatings,the effect mechanism of V elements on the mechanical properties of HEA coatings was explored,providing theoretical and experimental basis for improving the wear resistance of HEAs.CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeNiV HEA coatings were prepared by laser cladding technology.The phase composition of the coatings was analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD),the microstructure and element distribution were observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),the microhardness of the coatings was tested by a microhardness tester and the wear resistance was evaluated on a wear tester.The wear mechanism was analyzed by combining the morphology of the worn surface.Compared with the CoCrFeNi coating,the peak position of the FCC phase in the CoCrFeNiV coating shifted to the left and a new intermetallic compound phase(NiV)was formed.Its grains were significantly refined,with uniform element distribution and no obvious segregation.Performance tests showed that the CoCrFeNi coating had an average hardness of 188.16HV,an average friction coefficient of 0.75 and a wear rate of 7.16×105 mm3/(N·m),with the main wear mechanisms being abrasive wear and oxidative wear.In contrast,the CoCrFeNiV coating had an average hardness of 222.91HV,which was 18.5%higher than that of the coating without V addition.The average friction coefficient was 0.69,a decrease of 8%and the wear rate was 1.97×10^(?5) mm^(3)/(N·m),a reduction of 72.5%.Its wear mechanisms were mainly oxidative wear,adhesive wear and abrasive wear.The oxide lubricating layer formed on the coating surface effectively reduced the friction coefficient.The addition of V promoted the formation of the Ni V intermetallic compound phase in the CoCrFeNiV coating,which formed a"soft matrix-hard particle"synergistic strengthening structure with the FCC phase,inhibiting the initiation and propagation of cracks.Meanwhile,V accelerated the formation of oxide films during the wear process and the formed lubricating layer further improved the wear resistance of the coating.This study confirms that adding V can significantly enhance the comprehensive wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings,providing a new idea for the design of wear-resistant coating materials.