文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：汞异常与地震活动关系及预报效能研究进展

英文题名：Advances on the relationship between mercury anomaly and seismicity and earthquake prediction efficiency

作者：赵子科[1];陈春亮[1];柯盛[1];杨波[2]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学分析测试中心,湛江524088;[2]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,烟台264000

年份：2021

卷号：52

期号：3

起止页码：341

中文期刊名：地球与行星物理论评

外文期刊名：Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics

基金：湛江市科学技术局资助项目(2019B01009)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：地震;水汞;气汞;汞同位素

外文关键词：earthquake;water-soluble mercury;gaseous mercury;mercury isotope

中文摘要：汞主要来源于地球深部地幔岩石和岩浆,具有溶解度小、蒸气压低、穿透能力强等特点.地震前,汞在高温和强压力梯度下穿过不同的介质到达地表,导致汞震前异常.汞的前兆异常特征通常被用作地震前预测的重要指标.本文综合国内应用汞的地震观测案例,得出以下结论:(1)与气态汞相比,水溶性汞具有收集方便、不易受传输介质干扰、前兆异常幅度大等特征,易震前观测;(2)水溶性汞观测异常结束到发震时间间隔较长,而气态汞异常一般持续到地震发生;(3)震前汞的异常幅度通常是本底值的数倍至几十倍,这往往与震中距离、震级大小及地质构造有关;(4)对于5级及以下地震,水溶性汞异常范围通常在200 km以内,5~6级地震映震范围在500 km以内.此外,汞震前观测异常与孕震应力场作用下的地下流体活动有关,汞的同位素分馏技术提供了一种新的手段来解决断裂带汞的来源以及汞与地壳深部流体活动的关系.

外文摘要：Mercury is mainly from deep mantle rocks and magma in the Earth and has low solubility,low vapor pressure,and strong penetrating ability.Before earthquakes,mercury can pass through different media to reach the surface under high temperatures and large pressure gradients,causing pre-earthquake mercury anomalies.The precursory anomalies of mercury are usually used as an important indicator for earthquake prediction.In this paper,we comprehensively analyze the domestic literature which uses mercury for seismic observations.We obtain the following conclusions:(1)Compared to gaseous mercury,water-soluble mercury can be collected more conveniently,is less susceptible to interference from transmission media,and has larger precursor anomalies.Hence,it is a better indicator of pre-earthquake observations than the gaseous mercury.(2)There is a big interval between the end of water-soluble mercury anomaly and the start of earthquakes,while gaseous-mercury anomalies usually last until the earthquakes start.(3)The anomalous concentration of mercury before earthquakes is usually several to dozens of times of the background value.The concentration usually depends on the distance to the epicenter,earthquake magnitude,and geological structure.(4)For earthquakes with magnitude less than 5,the water-soluble mercury anomalies are usually found within a radius of 200 km around the epicenter,while for earthquakes with mag-nitude between 5 and 6,the radius is less than 500 km.In addition,the mercury anomalies before earthquakes are usually related to the underground fluid activity under the action of the seismogenic stress field.The isotope fractionation technology of mercury provides a new method to study the source of mercury in the fault zone and to explore the relation between mercury and fluid activity in the deep crust.