文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Comprehensive Assessment of the Effects of Environmental Factors on Low-Energy Rip Currents

作者：Sun, Yan[1];Bian, Xiaodong[1];Liu, Lulu[1];Zhu, Daoheng[2];Li, Zhiqiang[2]

机构：[1]Guangdong Ocean Univ, Coll Chem & Environm, Zhanjiang, Peoples R China;[2]Guangdong Ocean Univ, Coll Elect & Informat Engn, Zhanjiang, Peoples R China

年份：2025

卷号：130

期号：4

外文期刊名：JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS

收录：SCI-EXPANDED(收录号：WOS:001470206500001)、、Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-105005146931)、WOS

基金：The authors would like to thank all the reviewers for their comments on this article. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [42176167]; the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [2024A1515011427]; the project of the Excellent Doctoral Thesis Cultivation Program of Guangdong Ocean University [202431]. We appreciate the assistance of Pengpeng Hu from Sun Yat-sen University in planning and contributing to many productive discussions.

语种：英文

外文关键词：rip current; numerical simulation; generalized additive model; environmental factors; threshold

外文摘要：Rip currents are fast offshore currents and a critical component of nearshore circulation, significantly influencing public safety and material transport. This study employs the Generalized Additive Model, an effective approach for uncovering complex nonlinear relationships, to provide a comprehensive quantitative understanding of rip current drivers. By integrating field observations from a headland beach in southern China with Delft3D numerical modeling, which incorporates wave-current coupling, the contributions and interactions of environmental factors to low-energy rip current generation were quantified. Results indicate that rip currents form only within specific parameter combinations, with an annual occurrence rate of 5.9% in the study area. Significant nonlinear relationships were found between rip current generation and key environmental factors, including wave period (Period), significant wave height (SWH), wave direction (Direction), wind direction (WindDir), and water level. Variations in Direction and SWH were particularly influential. The formation of rip currents depends on the interaction of environmental factors, and the response to a single factor diminishes if other factors have not reached their thresholds. Certain environmental factor ranges, while not strongly influencing rip current velocity, can significantly increase rip current frequency. This distinction between rip current velocity (hazard intensity) and frequency provides novel insights into rip current generation mechanisms and supports the development of early warning systems.