文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：棉籽蛋白对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化酶活性及肠道和肝脏形态结构的影响

英文题名：Effects of Cottonseed Protein on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Antioxidant Enzyme Activities,and Intestinal and Liver Morphology of Micropterus salmoides

作者：李敏[1,2];陈冰[2];彭凯[2];胡俊茹[2];吕旦[1,2];黄文[2,3];曹俊明[4];蔡佳[1];赵红霞[2,3]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,湛江524088;[2]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640;[3]广东省农业科学院,广州510640;[4]广州飞禧特生物科技有限公司,广州510640

年份：2024

卷号：36

期号：12

起止页码：7915

中文期刊名：动物营养学报

外文期刊名：CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

收录：北大核心2023、CSTPCD、、CSCD2023_2024、北大核心、CSCD

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(31402307,31902388);广东省科技计划项目(KTP20210322);广州市科技计划项目(2023E04J0407)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：大口黑鲈;棉籽蛋白;生长性能;肠道结构

外文关键词：Micropterus salmoides;cottonseed protein;growth performance;intestinal structure

中文摘要：本试验旨在研究饲料中添加棉籽蛋白对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化酶活性及肠道和肝脏形态结构的影响。选取初始质量为(3.45±0.01)g的大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)360尾为研究对象,分别饲喂添加0(对照)、20%和40%棉籽蛋白替代鱼粉的3种试验饲料,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾鱼。试验期为10周。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲料添加20%棉籽蛋白对大口黑鲈终末体重(FBW)、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)没有显著影响(P>0.05),但饲料添加40%棉籽蛋白显著降低了大口黑鲈FBW、WGR、SGR、蛋白质效率和肠体比(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饲料添加20%棉籽蛋白显著降低了大口黑鲈饲料系数(FCR),饲料添加40%棉籽蛋白显著提高了大口黑鲈FCR(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饲料添加40%棉籽蛋白显著降低了大口黑鲈全鱼粗灰分含量(P<0.05),但饲料中添加20%或40%棉籽蛋白对大口黑鲈全鱼粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和水分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲料添加20%棉籽蛋白显著降低了大口黑鲈血清尿素氮、总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量(P<0.05);饲料添加40%棉籽蛋白显著降低了大口黑鲈肠道胰蛋白酶活性(P<0.05);饲料添加20%或40%棉籽蛋白显著降低了大口黑鲈血清胆固醇和肠道丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05)。各试验组大口黑鲈血清谷草转氨酶活性及葡萄糖、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量和肠道淀粉酶、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)及肝脏SOD、CAT活性和MDA含量没有显著差异(P>0.05)。各试验组大口黑鲈前、中、后肠的绒毛高度、黏膜层厚度和肌层厚度无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲料添加20%和40%棉籽蛋白导致肝细胞变性,造成肝脏组织损伤。综上所述,饲料添加20%棉籽蛋白显著降低了大口黑鲈FCR,对生长性能没有产生负面影响;饲料添加40%棉籽蛋白通过抑制大口黑鲈肠道消化酶活性显著降低生长性能和增加FCR。饲料添加棉籽蛋白对大口黑鲈肠道形态结构无显著影响,但导致肝脏组织损伤,并影响蛋白质和胆固醇的吸收代谢。

外文摘要：The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of cottonseed protein supplementation in diets on the growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant enzyme activities,intestinal and liver morphology of Micropterus salmoides.A total of 360 Micropterus salmoides with an initial mass of(3.45±0.01)g was selected as the research object.Three experimental feedings were fed 0,20%,and 40%cottonseed protein added as a substitute for fish meal,with three replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate.The experimental period was 10 weeks.The results showed that compared with the control group,Adding 20%cottonseed protein had no significant effect on the final weight(FBW),weight gain rate(WGR),and specific growth rate(SGR)of Micropterus salmoides(P>0.05),but adding 40%cottonseed protein significantly reduced the FBW,WGR,SGR,protein efficiency(PER),and intestinal to body ratio of Micropterus salmoides(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,adding 20%cottonseed protein significantly reduced the FCR of Micropterus salmoides,while adding 40%cottonseed protein significantly increased the FCR of Micropterus salmoides(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,adding 40%cottonseed protein to the feed significantly reduced the ash content of Micropterus salmoides(P<0.05),but adding 20%or 40%cottonseed protein to the diet had no significant effect on the crude protein,crude lipid,and moisture content of Micropterus salmoides(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,Adding 20%cottonseed protein significantly reduced serum urea nitrogen content in Micropterus salmoides(P<0.05),adding 40%cottonseed protein significantly reduced intestinal trypsin activity in Micropterus salmoides(P<0.05),and adding 20%or 40%cottonseed protein significantly reduced serum cholesterol,intestinal malondialdehyde(MDA)contents in Micropterus salmoides(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity,glucose,triglycerides,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents,intestinal amylase,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)activity,liver SOD,CAT activity and MDA content among the experimental groups of Micropterus salmoides(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the villus height,mucosal layer thickness,and muscular layer thickness of the foregut,midgut and hindgut of the Micropterus salmoides among the experimental groups(P>0.05).Adding 20%and 40%cottonseed protein caused liver cell degeneration,resulting in liver tissue damage.In summary,adding 20%cottonseed protein significantly reduces the FCR of Micropterus salmoides and does not have a negative impact on growth performance;adding 40%cottonseed protein significantly reduces growth performance and increases FCR by inhibiting intestinal digestive enzyme activity in Micropterus salmoides;the addition of cottonseed protein to diet has no significant effect on the intestinal morphology and structure of Micropterus salmoides,but it leads to liver tissue damage and affects the absorption and metabolism of protein and cholesterol.