文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：植物生长调节剂对低温胁迫下荔枝生理特性及产量的影响

英文题名：Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Litchi Plants under Low Temperature Stress

作者：李甜子[1];郑殿峰[1,2];冯乃杰[1,2];赵黎明[1];母德伟[1];刘玲[1];陈观杰[1];周行[1]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088;[2]广东海洋大学深圳研究院,广东深圳518108

年份：2022

卷号：43

期号：3

起止页码：509

中文期刊名：热带作物学报

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

收录：CSTPCD、、CSCD2021_2022、北大核心、CSCD、北大核心2020

基金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFD1002205)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：荔枝;低温;植物生长调节剂;生理特性;产量

外文关键词：litchi;low temperature;plant growth regulator;physiological characteristics;yield

中文摘要：为了探讨植物生长调剂对荔枝春季低温伤害的缓解效应,在春季低温下,叶面喷施不同浓度的植物生长调节剂,研究其对荔枝叶片生理特性及产量的影响。试验品种为‘妃子笑’荔枝(树龄约10 a),调节剂为广东海洋大学化控中心研制,其主要成分为1,1-二甲基哌啶翁氯化物;设置A(植物生长调节剂2.5 mL,兑水10 kg)、B(植物生长调节剂5 mL,兑水10 kg)、C(植物生长调节剂7.5 mL,兑水10 kg)3个处理,以喷施清水为对照(CK),整株叶面喷雾;测定指标为叶鲜重、叶干重、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、净光合速率(P_(n))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))、气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、单果重、产量等。结果表明:植物生长调节剂对荔枝叶片低温伤害具有缓解效应,以B处理最优。与CK相比,B处理的叶干重和相对含水量无显著变化,而叶鲜重显著增加了21.18%;SPAD、净光合速率(P_(n))和蒸腾速率(T_(r))较CK显著提高了7.44%、8.40%和3.48%,胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))、气孔导度(G_(s))和气孔限制值较CK无显著变化;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)的活性较CK均显著提高2.27%、18.79%、71.32%和80.00%,多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性显著降低10.81%;可溶性蛋白含量和抗坏血酸(AsA)含量显著增加9.53%和15.31%;但对单果重和单株产量影响不显著。综上,在低温胁迫下,喷施适量植物生长调节剂通过提高叶片的光合作用,促进叶片物质量的积累;通过提高抗氧化酶活性,提高可溶性蛋白和AsA含量等,减轻低温对膜脂的伤害,提高荔枝叶片的抗低温能力。

外文摘要：In order to explore the mitigating effects of plant growth regulators on the low temperature injury of litchi plants in spring,different concentrations of plant growth regulators were sprayed on leaves under low temperature in spring,and its effects on physiological characteristics and yield of litchi leaves were studied.The 10-year-old‘Feizixiao’litchi trees were used as the experimental material.The plant growth regulator is developed by the Chemical Control Center of Guangdong Ocean University.Its main ingredient is Mepiquat chloride.The treatments A(2.5 mL of plant growth regulator was mixed evenly with 10 kg of water,and then sprayed on a litchi tree),B(5 mL of plant growth regulator was mixed evenly with 10 kg of water,and then sprayed on a litchi tree)and C(7.5 mL of plant growth regulator was mixed evenly with 10 kg of water,and then sprayed on a litchi tree)were set up.Meanwhile,the litchi trees were sprayed with the same amount of water were used as control(CK).The leaf fresh weight,leaf dry weight,chlorophyll relative content(SPAD),net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),transpiration rate(T_(r)),fruit weight and yield were measured.The results showed that plant growth regulators could alleviate the low temperature injury of litchi leaves,and B treatment was the best.Compared with CK,the leaf dry weight and relative water content of B treatment had no significant changes,but the leaf fresh weight increased by 21.18%.Compared with CK,the SPAD,net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))and transpiration rate(T_(r))increased significantly by 7.44%,8.40%and 3.48%,while the intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i)),stomatal conductance(G_(s))and stomatal limit did not change significantly.Compared with CK,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)increased significantly by 2.27%,18.79%,71.32%and 80.00%,respec-tively,while the activity of polyphenoloxidase(PPO)decreased by 10.81%.The content of soluble protein and ascorbic acid(AsA)increased significantly by 9.53%and 15.31%,respectively,in litchi leaves.But the impact on the single fruit weight and yield per plant were not significant.To sum up,under low temperature stress,spraying appropriate amount of plant growth regulators could improve leaves photosynthesis,promote leaves mass accumulation,increase the activi-ties of antioxidant enzymes,increase the content of soluble protein and AsA,reduce the damage of membrane lipid caused by low temperature,and improve the ability of low temperature resistance of litchi leaves.