文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：湛江湾浮游动物群落结构特征及其周年变化

英文题名：Structural characteristics of zooplankton populations and their annual changes in Zhanjiang Bay

作者：龚玉艳[1,2];张才学[2];陈作志[1];叶丽娣[2];陈伟杰[2];王伟荣[2];孙省利[2]

机构：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300;[2]广东海洋大学海洋资源与环境监测中心,广东湛江524088

年份：2015

卷号：39

期号：12

起止页码：46

中文期刊名：海洋科学

外文期刊名：Marine Sciences

收录：CSTPCD、、北大核心2014、北大核心、CSCD_E2015_2016、CSCD

基金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(200905005-05,201105008-E);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403008)和农业部财政重大专项(NFZX2013)

语种：中文

中文关键词：浮游动物;群落结构;桡足类;原生动物;浮游幼虫;湛江湾

外文关键词：zooplankton; community structure; annual change; copepoda; protozoa; pelagic larva; Zhanjiang Bay

中文摘要：2010年10月至2011年9月对湛江湾浮游动物进行了周年调查,研究了其群落结构的周年变化及影响因素。结果共检出浮游动物87种和29类浮游幼虫,隶属于16大类群,群落结构主要由桡足类（30种）、浮游幼虫（29类）和原生动物（23种）所组成,分别占总种类数的25.86%、25.00%和19.83%。浮游动物种类数以4月最多,2月和3月最少,4～9月的总种类数均高于其他月份。湛江湾浮游幼虫以底栖动物幼虫为主,在4月种类最多,5月丰度最高,4～7月为湛江湾海洋动物的繁盛时期。浮游动物优势种共有22种（类）,其中浮游幼虫9类,原生动物7种,桡足类3种,水母类、毛颚类、被囊类各1种,以12月、4月和5月优势种最多（8种）,2月最少（2种）,无全年优势种,群落结构明显趋于小型化。各相邻月份的共有种类数在18～33种,物种更替率R的范围为37.25%～73.61%,多样性指数H＇、均匀度J及丰富度d的年均值较低,分别为2.64、0.54和3.32。在调查期间,湛江湾浮游动物丰度出现了3个高峰,且分别由不同的浮游动物类群组成,其中12月份的高峰主要由原生动物组成,2月份的高峰主要由桡足类组成,而5月份的高峰则主要由浮游幼虫组成,3大类群共同主导湛江湾浮游动物群落结构;浮游动物生物量仅在2月和9月出现高峰,呈现月份双峰型变化。湛江湾浮游动物的周年变化主要受水温、食物及摄食压力的影响。

外文摘要：Zooplankton populationsin Zhanjiang Bay were surveyed from October 2010 to September 2011 to investigate theirannual population changes and the influencing factors. A total of 87 species of zooplanktons and 29 varieties of planktonic larvae, belonging to 16 large groups, were detected. The population structures primarily consisted of copepods（30 species）, pelagic larvae（29 groups, including fish larvae）, and protozoa（23 species）, which accounted for 25.86%, 25.00%, and 19.83% of the total population, respectively. The number of zooplankton species was highest in April and lowest in February and March. Zooplankton species richness during April–September washigher than that in other months. Planktonic larva population primarily consisted of zoobenthos. The species richnesswashighest in April, and the highest abundance was observed in May. April–July was the flourishing period for marine animals in Zhanjiang Bay. A total of 22 predominant zooplankton species,, consisting of 9 species of larvae, 7 species of Protozoa, 3 species of Copepoda, and 1 species of Medusa, Chaetognatha, andTunicata, were identified. The numbers of predominant species were highest in December, April, and May（8 species） and lowest in February（2 species）. There were no full-year predominant species. The population structures obviously exhibited a tendency toward miniaturization. There were 18–33 species during various contiguous months. The species replacement rates（R） were in the range of 37.25%–73.61%. The annual mean values of Shannon–Wiener index H＇, Pielou index J, and Margalef index d were, 2.64, 0.54, and 3.32, respectively, all of which were relatively low. During the surveyed period, three peaks of zooplankton abundances occurred, each of which consisted of different groups of zooplanktons. Among these abundance peaks, the peak that occurred in December primarily consisted of Protozoa, the peak that occurred in February primarily consisted of Copepoda, and the abundance peak that occurred in May primarily consisted of larvae. These three groups of species together dominated the zooplankton population structures in Zhanjiang Bay. Thezooplankton biomass in February and September was much higher than thatin other months, resulting in twopeaks in the annual changes of zooplankton biomass. The annual changes of zooplankton populations in Zhanjiang Bay were influenced by water temperature, food structure, and feeding pressure.