文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：全球变化对海洋渔业的影响及对策

英文题名：Impact of global change on marine fisheries and adaptation options

作者：黄长江[1];董巧香[1];林俊达[2]

机构：[1]广东湛江海洋大学海洋生物研究所,湛江524025;[2]美国佛罗里达理工学院生物系,佛罗里达32901

年份：1999

卷号：18

期号：4

起止页码：481

中文期刊名：台湾海峡

外文期刊名：Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

收录：CSCD2011_2012、CSCD

语种：中文

中文关键词：全球变化;渔业;温暖化;富营养化;臭氧层

外文关键词：Global change, fisheries, warming, eutrophication, ozone layer

中文摘要：人类行为引发的全球性捕捞过度、水体富营养化、气候温暧化和臭氧层被破坏等都对世界渔业产生极大的影响，而捕捞过度使鱼群抵御环境变化的能力降低，并直接破坏渔业资源，从而放大全球变化对海洋渔业的影响。水体富营养化造成的有害赤潮及鱼虾病害频发，往往给渔业，尤其是增养殖渔业带来巨大经济损失。温暖化引起的海水升温和盐度改变，不仅直接影响海洋生物的生理、繁殖及时空分布，而且通过对海平面、上升流、厄尔尼诺现象、珊瑚礁、信风、径流、臭氧层的影响间接地影响世界渔业的格局。水体富营养化和全球温暖化水域生态系的结构与功能的长期的甚至是不可逆转的影响成为世界渔业的最主要影响因素。有效的渔业管理、减少和控制环境污染、增加科学研究的投入及从全球生态学的角度看待未来世界渔业的变化趋势是确保海洋渔业健康可持续发展的重要措施。

外文摘要：Anthropogenically generated global overfishing, water eutrophication, climatic, warming and ozone layer degradation all have great impacts on fisheries. Overfishing decreases the ability of fish stocks to adapt to the global environmental changes. Eutrophication causes a frequent occurrence of harmful algal bloom and fish diseases. which often causes a great economic loss to the fisheries, especially aquiculture industry. Temperature increase in sea water due to global change not only directly affects the physiology, reproduction and spatial and temporal distribution of marine organisms, but also causes indirect impact by change altering sea level, upwelling, El Nino Event, coral reef, trade wind, runoff, salinity and ozone layer. Eutrophication and global warming initiate a long term, and often irreversable changes in the community stucture and function of aquatic ecosystems, and then become two most important factors contributing to fisheries. Effective fishery management and pollution control are critical in sustaining fishery development.