文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Phytoplankton Increases Induced by Tropical Cyclones in the South China Sea During 1998-2015

作者：Zhao, Hui[1];Wang, Yuqing[2,3]

机构：[1]Guangdong Ocean Univ, Coll Chem & Environm Sci, Zhanjiang, Peoples R China;[2]Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA;[3]Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Atmospher Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

年份：2018

卷号：123

期号：4

起止页码：2903

外文期刊名：JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS

收录：SCI-EXPANDED(收录号：WOS:000434131900033)、、Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85048042401)、WOS

基金：This study has been supported by the International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, China (2015KGJHZ017) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 41376125 and 41006070). The authors are very grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions. We thank GlobColor's Working Group for providing merged daily chlorophyll-a data (http://hermes.acri.fr), Remote Sensing Systems for providing daily merged SST products derived from the Tropical Rain Measuring Mission (TRMM), Microwave Imager (TMI), and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E) (www.ssmi.com), Unisys Weather Information Systems for information of TCs (http://weather.unisys.com/hurricane/w_pacific/), and the National Ocean Data Center (NODC) for the World Ocean Atlas 2013 climatology of nutrients and temperature data (https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/woa13/). All data used in this study are freely available at the provided links to the third party data above, others would be able to access those data in the same manner as the authors and that the authors did not have any special access privileges that others would not have.

语种：英文

外文关键词：tropical cyclones; phytoplankton increase; sea surface temperature; mixed-layer depth; South China Sea

外文摘要：Tropical cyclones (TCs, with maximum sustained 10 m wind speed greater than 17.5 m s(-1)) are strong synoptic systems that form over tropical oceans and can exert important effects on the upper ocean by mixing and upwelling, and thus mixed-layer cooling. However, hitherto, biological effects of TCs have not been systematically explored in the South China Sea (SCS) yet. In this study, we have examined 184 TCs and found 74 TCs with well-matched satellite ocean color data (i.e., the number of valid pixels accounting for over 60% of the total pixels in the sampling area) in the SCS during 1998-2015. The ocean color data show a general post-TC increase in surface chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in the cold wakes of TCs, due to the injection of nutrients and/or biogenic pigments into the oligotrophic surface waters. The ratio of the post-TC to the pre-TC Chl-a is significantly correlated with the sea surface temperature (SST), and TC translational speed and intensity. Results from the multiple correlation analyses in different seasons indicate that the response of phytoplankton to TCs also depends on the preexisting upper-ocean conditions, including the mixed-layer depth, vertical nutrients structure and light conditions. Results thus strongly suggest that the initial upper-ocean conditions along with moving speed and intensity of TCs are key to phytoplankton increase after the passages of TCs. Plain Language Summary Tropical cyclones (TCs) can exert important effects on the upper-ocean by mixing and upwelling. This study statistically examined the biological effects of TCs based on 74 TCs with well-matched satellite ocean color data and sea surface temperature (SST) in the SCS during 1998-2015. Results show a general post-TC increase in surface chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in the cold wakes of TCs, due to the injection of nutrients and biogenic pigments into the oligotrophic surface waters. The increase in surface Chl-a is significantly correlated with sea surface temperature, TC translational speed and intensity, and also strongly depends on the preexisting upper-ocean conditions, including the mixed-layer depth, vertical nutrients structure and light conditions. Therefore, the initial upper-ocean conditions along with moving speed and intensity of TCs are key to phytoplankton increase after the passage of a TC.