文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Laboratory study of energy transformation characteristics in breaking wave groups

作者：Wu, Guanglin[1];He, Yanli[1,2];Zhang, Yizhe[1];Lin, Jinbo[1];Mao, Hongfei[1,2]

机构：[1]Guangdong Ocean Univ, Coll Ocean Engn & Energy, Zhanjiang, Peoples R China;[2]Dalian Univ Technol, State Key Lab Coastal & Offshore Engn, Dalian, Peoples R China

年份：2024

卷号：11

外文期刊名：FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE

收录：SCI-EXPANDED(收录号：WOS:001342318900001)、、Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85208126587)、WOS

基金：The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was financially supported by program for scientific research start-upfunds of Guangdong Ocean University (grant number R20068, R20069); the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (grant number 2024A1515012321, 2023A1515010890, 2022A1515240039); the Zhanjiang City Science and Technology Plan Project (grant number 2021B01416); the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology (grant number LP2403); the Ocean Youth Talent Project of Zhanjiang Science and Technology Bureau (grant number 2021E05010); the Special Fund Competition Allocation Project of Guangdong Science and Technology Innovation Strategy (grant number 2023A01022); and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 52001071); 2023 Guangdong Ocean University Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project (grant number 010403072312).

语种：英文

外文关键词：nonlinear characteristics; wave group; phase coupling; energy dissipation; wave breaking; energy transformation

外文摘要：The spilling-breaking waves that appear in chirped wave packets are studied in a two-dimensional wave channel. These waves are produced by superposing waves with gradually decreasing frequencies. The analysis focuses on the nonlinear characteristics, energy variation, and energy transformation during the evolution and breaking of wave groups. Ensemble empirical mode decomposition is used to analyze the non-breaking and breaking energy variations of the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). It is found that the third-order IMF component is a source of non-breaking energy dissipation and the second-order IMF, which represents a short wave group with a relatively higher energy content, is a primary source of the energy loss caused by wave breaking. Additionally, the findings reveal that among the three waves preceding the maximum crest, the wave closest to the maximum crest carried most of the energy. When wave breaking occurs, the energy dissipation caused by the wave breaking primarily originates from that wave. After wave breaking, whether it is the first breaker or subsequent breakers, the main energy dissipation occurs in a frequency range higher than the dominant frequency. This energy loss plays a significant role in increasing the energy of free waves. Moreover, a potential link between the number of carrier waves and wave breaking phenomena has been found. As the number of carrier waves increased, both the nonbreaking and breaking energy dissipation rates exhibited an overall increasing trend. The amount of nonbreaking energy dissipation was generally more than twice the breaking energy dissipation rate. For wave groups with more carrier waves, the modulation instability plays a significant role in generating larger waves. Furthermore, an analysis of the dominant frequency variations of the wave group before wave breaking suggests that wave breaking is not a sufficient condition for a frequency downshift in the wave spectra.