文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：马氏珠母贝微胶囊饲料的适用性研究

英文题名：Evaluation of the applicability of a microencapsulated diet developed for the pearl oyster, Pinctada martensii

作者：杨创业[1];罗少杰[1];王庆恒[1];邓岳文[1];杜晓东[1]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东省珍珠养殖与加工工程技术研究中心

年份：2015

卷号：22

期号：3

起止页码：442

中文期刊名：中国水产科学

外文期刊名：Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

收录：CSTPCD、、北大核心2014、CSCD2015_2016、Scopus、北大核心、CSCD

基金：国家贝类产业体系湛江综合试验站项目(CARS-48);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(A201308A06)

语种：中文

中文关键词：马氏珠母贝;微胶囊饲料;氮保留率;生长率;生化组分;消化酶活力

外文关键词：Pinctada martensii; microcapsule diet; nitrogen retention rate; growth rate; biochemical component;digestive enzyme activity

中文摘要：本研究测定了自主研发的马氏珠母贝（Pinctada martensii）微胶囊饲料的粒径范围、悬浮性和稳定性;并以室内投喂微胶囊饲料的马氏珠母贝为实验组,自然海区养殖的马氏珠母贝为对照组,养殖45 d后比较实验组与对照组成活率、生长率、软体部生化成分、肝胰脏形态与消化酶的差异。结果表明：（1）该饲料粒径均小于48μm,其中约80%饲料颗粒粒径在28-48μm;（2）该饲料分散性良好,静置状态下,在盐度为35的Na Cl溶液中的沉降速度是（2.74±0.21）mm/s;（3）饲料的氮保留率（NRR）较高,25℃浸泡120 min后、35℃浸泡60 min后NRR分别为（79.10±0.15）%和（80.85±0.72）%;（4）实验组和对照组的成活率没有显著差异（P〉0.05）;实验组壳长、壳宽、壳高和总重的绝对增长率和相对生长率均显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）;（5）实验组软体部脂肪含量显著大于对照组（P〈0.05）,碳水化合物、蛋白质和灰分含量无显著差异（P〉0.05）;（6）实验组肝胰脏为橘黄色,淀粉酶活力显著大于对照组（P〈0.05）,纤维素酶、蛋白酶活力差异不显著（P〉0.05）。研究结果表明,该微胶囊饲料粒径小、稳定性较好,能被马氏珠母贝消化与吸收,但需要继续改进饲料配方、完善室内养殖技术方案,为马氏珠母贝工厂化养殖条件的优化提供科学依据。

外文摘要：The particle size, dispersion, and stability of a microencapsulated diet developed for the pearl oyster, Pinc- tada martensii, were measured in this study. An experiment was conducted to evaluate pearl oyster feeding and diges- tion, in which the experimental group （EG） was fed a microencapsulated diet, and the control group （CG） was cultured at sea. Survival rate, growth rate, biochemical components in the dried edible part, and digestive enzyme activities were measured and compared in the two groups after 45 days. The results showed good dispersion of the diet, a particle size 〈 48 μm, and that of about 80% of the particles were 28-48 pan. The settling velocity in 35 NaC1 solution was （2.74±0.21） mrn/s under static conditions. The nitrogen retention rates of the diet soaked in 35 NaCI solution for 120 min at 25℃ and the diet soaked in 35 NaC1 solution for 60 min at 35℃ were （79.10±0.15）% and （80.85±0.72）%, respec- tively. No significant difference in survival rate was observed between the EG and CG, whereas the absolute and rela- tive growth rates of shell length, shell width, shell height, and total weight in the EG were significantly lower than those in the CG （P〈0.05）. The lipid component of the edible part was significantly higher in the EG than that in the CG （P〈0.05）. No significant differences were observed in the carbohydrate, protein, or ash components of the edible part between the EG and CG. The hepatopancreas of pearl oysters in the EG was saffron-yellow. Amylase, protease, and cellulase activities of the hepatopancreas of pearl oysters in the EG were not significantly different from those in the CG. A significant difference was observed in amylase activity between the two groups （P〈0.05）. These results suggest that this microencapsulated diet had appropriate particle size and stability and was absorbed and digested by the pearl oyster. Further studies should be conducted to optimize diet composition and fanning protocols, which will be helpful for developing indoor pearl oyster farming.