文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼摄食与繁殖生物学初步研究

英文题名：Study on Feeding and Reproduction Biology of Purple Flying Squid, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the Western South China Sea

作者：张宇美[1];颜云榕[1,2];卢伙胜[1,2];郑志伟[1];易木荣[1]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088;[2]广东海洋大学南海渔业资源监测与评估中心,广东湛江524088

年份：2013

卷号：33

期号：3

起止页码：56

中文期刊名：广东海洋大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

收录：CSTPCD

基金：近海典型渔业水域增殖潜力与环境修复评价技术研究与应用(2012 BAD18B01)

语种：中文

中文关键词：鸢乌贼;摄食;繁殖;西沙群岛海域

外文关键词：Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis; feeding; reproduction; the Western South China Sea

中文摘要：鸢乌贼是南海重要的渔业资源之一,是大型光诱罩网渔船的主要捕捞对象。以2011年4个季度西沙海域光诱罩网船作业随机采集的542尾鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)为样本,研究其摄食与繁殖生物学特性。结果表明:鸢乌贼雌雄比为1∶1,雌性成熟高峰期为冬季,平均性成熟指数(gonad somatic index,GSI)为2.97,雄性成熟高峰期为夏季,平均GSI为1.89;胴长171 mm以上雌性个体出现一次性腺发育高峰期,GSI达到8.59,111～140 mm胴长组雄性个体出现一次性腺发育高峰期,GSI为1.92,雌、雄GSI随胴长变化均较显著(p值<0.05);雌、雄初次性成熟胴长分别为159 mm和83 mm;同一胴长组中雌、雄个体的平均饵料质量差异性不显著(p值>0.05),但雌性个体最大饵料质量大于雄性个体;雌雄鸢乌贼摄食强度随胴长增加呈现总体上升的趋势,摄食等级除夏季以2级和3级为主外,其余各季度均以3级和4级为主,其中,3、4级在春季和冬季分别占71.02%和79.02%;空胃率(摄食等级为0)在秋季所占比例较高,为16.22%,其余3个季度空胃率均不超过5%,摄食对象以鱼类、头足类和甲壳类为主,且有同类相残现象。

外文摘要：Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis stock is recently exploited by light falling net and is one of important fishery resources in the South China Sea.Biological characteristics,stomach contents and gonad maturity were studied based on 542 specimens of S.oualaniensis randomly collected from fishing vessels in the Xisha Islands waters in 2011.The results showed that the sex ratio of S.oualaniensis was about 1∶1.The male mature period peaked in summer with the average gonad somatic index（GSI） of 1.89,while the female maturation peak occurred in winter with the average GSI at 2.97.Male mantle length ranged from 111 mm to 140 mm with a peak GSI value of 1.92,whereas female mantle length above 171 mm reached a peak GSI at 8.59.The GSI was sexually different（P0.05）,and the mantle lengths at first maturity of S.oualaniensis were female 159 mm and male 83 mm.There was no sexual differences（P0.05）on average prey weight of S.oualaniensis with the same mantle length range,but maximum prey weight was higher in males than in females.Feeding strength increased with mantle length.Feeding strength was at lower level mainly grade 2 and 3 in summer,and higher level mainly grade 3 and 4 in other seasons.The percentage of level 3 and 4 in spring and winter were 71.02 % and 79.02%,respectively.Empty stomach accounted for high proportion in autumn with a value of 16.22%,while in the other seasons were lower than 5%.The diets of S.oualaniensis were fishes,cephalopods and crustaceans,cannibalism was also detected.