文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：酵母水解物对低盐胁迫凡纳滨对虾非特异性免疫及抗氧化能力的影响

英文题名：Effect of yeast hydrolysate on non-specific immunity and antioxidant ability of Litopenaeus vannamei under low salinity stress

作者：陈永康[1];陈泽恩[1];梁武辉[1];黎国勇[1];胡骏鹏[2];杨志龙[2];聂琴[2];迟淑艳[1]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088;[2]安琪酵母股份有限公司,湖北宜昌443003

年份：2021

卷号：45

期号：12

起止页码：2061

中文期刊名：水产学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Fisheries of China

收录：CSTPCD、、CSCD2021_2022、Scopus、北大核心、CSCD、北大核心2020

基金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900200)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：凡纳滨对虾;酵母水解物;低盐胁迫;非特异性免疫;抗氧化能力

外文关键词：Litopenaeus vannamei;yeast hydrolysate;low salinity stress;non-specific immunity;antioxidant capacity

中文摘要：为研究饲料中添加酵母水解物对凡纳滨对虾在低盐胁迫条件下非特异性免疫和抗氧化能力的影响,选取凡纳滨对虾[初始体质量(15.82±0.08)g]进行实验。实验用对虾平均分为2组,对照组投喂基础饲料(Y0),实验组投喂添加了3%酵母水解物的实验饲料(Y3),在室内养殖(盐度为28)15 d后分别放入盐度为4(S4)和28(S28)的水体中进行低盐胁迫实验,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复30尾虾(根据饲料和盐度不同组合,分组命名为Y0S4、Y0S28、Y3S4、Y3S28)。结果显示,饲料中添加3%酵母水解物对凡纳滨对虾血清酚氧化酶(PO)、总一氧化氮合成酶(TNOS)活性没有显著影响,但低盐胁迫1.0 h时,Y3S4组PO、TNOS活性显著高于Y0S4组;盐度因素对PO、TNOS活性产生显著影响,低盐胁迫1.0 h时,S28组PO、TNOS活性显著高于S4;饲料中添加3%酵母水解物显著提高了凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;盐度对酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性产生了显著影响,S28组ACP活性显著高于S4。研究表明,在饲料中添加酵母水解物能够提高凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺SOD活性,提高对虾的抗氧化能力;凡纳滨对虾在低盐胁迫时,能迅速恢复PO、TNOS活性至正常水平,从而提高对虾抵抗不良环境的能力。

外文摘要：Frequent typhoons bring large amounts of precipitation,causing drastic changes in water salinity and stress to aquatic animals.The large number of free radicals generated by stress may lead to aquatic animal mortality,which causes huge economic losses.Although Pacific white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei is tolerant to salinities of 1 to 50,drastic salinity changes may be detrimental to their health status.As a new type of protein,yeastlike substances contain a variety of functional substances and nutrients such as nucleic acids,small peptides,oligosaccharides,free amino acids,and rich B vitamins,which can improve the growth performance and health of animals,for example Epinephelus coioides,Scophthalmus maximus,Penaeus monodon.Previous studies have shown that the addition of yeast hydrolysate to feed can improve the non-specific immunity,the diversity of intestinal flora,the digestive enzyme activity,and the ability to utilize sugars and lipids in L.vannamei.It is interesting that yeast-like substances seem to play an active role in the immunoregulation response of aquatic animals to environmental stresses.This study aimed to investigate the effect of yeast hydrolysate addition to feed on the non-specific immune and antioxidant capacity of L.vannamei under salinity stress conditions.Shrimps[initial weight(15.82±0.08)g]were randomly divided into 2 groups.The control group was fed with basic feed(Y0),and the experimental group was fed with experimental feed(Y3)supplemented with 3%yeast hydrolysate.After 15 days of culture,they were transferred to the water of salinity 4(S4)and salinity 28(S28)for low salinity stress with 3 replicates tanks of each group and 30 individuals in each tank.Groups were named Y0 S4,Y0 S28,Y3 S4,Y3 S28 according to different combinations of feed and salinity conditions.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rate of the groups after transferring the shrimp to water with salinities of 4 and 28.The addition of yeast hydrolysate to the feed had no significant effect on serum phenoloxidase(PO)and total nitric oxide synthase(TNOS)activities in L.vannamei.At 1.0 h of low salinity stress,PO and TNOS activities were significantly higher in the Y3 S4 group than in the Y0 S4 group.The salinity factor had a significant effect on PO and TNOS activities,PO,TNOS activities were significantly higher in the S28 group than in the S4 group at 1.0 h.What’s more,the addition of 3%yeast hydrolysate to the feed significantly increased the hepatopancreas superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity of the shrimps.The studies have shown that the addition of yeast hydrolysate to the feed can increase the hepatopancreas SOD activity of L.vannamei and improve the antioxidant capacity of the shrimp.In the event of low salinity stress,the shrimp can quickly restore the PO and TNOS activities to normal levels,thus improving the resistance of L.vannamei to adverse environments.