文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：72份水稻种质材料中抗白叶枯病分子标记检测分析

英文题名：Molecular Marker Detection and Analysis of Resistance to Bacterial Blight in 72 Rice Germplasms

作者：何颖[1];许泽良[1];张弘[1];周鸿凯[1];莫俊杰[1];杨善[1]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院/国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心华南中心,广东湛江524088

年份：2026

卷号：53

期号：1

起止页码：35

中文期刊名：广东农业科学

外文期刊名：Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020219004);广东省乡村振兴战略专项种业振兴行动项目(2023-NBH-00-025);广东省科技创新战略专项资金项目(2023A01039)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：水稻;白叶枯病;抗性基因;分子标记;抗病育种

外文关键词：Oryza sativa L.;bacterial blight;resistance genes;molecular markers;disease resistance breeding

中文摘要：【目的】为应对白叶枯病对水稻生产安全构成的挑战,明确72份水稻种质材料中白叶枯病抗性基因情况。【方法】以广东海洋大学海水稻种质资源库的72份水稻种质材料为试验对象,提取水稻总DNA,通过特异分子标记技术对Xa1、Xa5、Xa7、Xa13、Xa21、Xa23、Xa26、Xa27等8个已知的白叶枯病抗性基因进行聚合酶链反应(PCR)和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测与分析,并利用软件NTsyspc 2.10e对电泳数据进行聚类分析。【结果】72份水稻种质材料均检测到白叶枯病抗性基因,且每份种质材料均至少同时携带2个抗性基因。其中,R1141和D2两份种质材料同时携带5个抗性基因,分别为Xa1、Xa5、Xa7、Xa23、Xa26;53份种质材料同时携带3个抗性基因,占73.61%。共有51份种质材料携带相同抗性基因组合,均为Xa1、Xa5、Xa26。Xa1、Xa26、Xa5被检测出的频率最高,分别为98.61%、93.06%和91.67%。聚类分析将72份水稻种质材料划分为三大类:第Ⅰ类包含64份材料,均同时携带Xa1、Xa26两个抗性基因;第Ⅱ类包含5份材料,均同时携带Xa1、Xa5两个抗性基因;第Ⅲ类包含3份材料,均同时携带Xa1、Xa7、Xa23、Xa26等4个抗性基因。【结论】水稻种质材料中所含白叶枯病抗性基因同质化严重、多态性较低,同时携带Xa1、Xa5和Xa26的材料占比高达71%。然而,同时携带5个抗性基因的种质材料仅2份,可作为抗病基因的来源亲本,加强创新利用。今后应加强保护水稻野生资源材料和抗白叶枯病的地方水稻种质材料,保护水稻种质材料的多样性,挖掘更多抗白叶枯病新基因,并在杂交育种中广泛利用以拓宽水稻抗白叶枯病血缘,选育更多聚合不同抗病基因组合的新材料。

外文摘要：【Objective】In order to address the challenges posed by bacterial blight to the safety of rice production and to clarify the status of bacterial blight resistance genes in 72 rice germplasm materials.【Method】The total DNA of 72 rice germplasm materials from the sea rice germplasm repository of Guangdong Ocean University was extracted.Use specific molecular marker techniques to conduct PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis for detection and analysis of the 8 known bacterial blight resistance genes(Xa1,Xa5,Xa7,Xa13,Xa21,Xa23,Xa26,Xa27).And the electrophoresis data were subjected to cluster analysis using the software NTsyspc 2.10e.【Result】The 72 rice germplasm materials were all found to possess resistance genes against bacterial blight,and each of the materials carried at least 2 such resistance genes simultaneously.Among them,the germplasm materials R1141 and D2 simultaneously carry five resistance genes,namely Xa1,Xa5,Xa7,Xa23,and Xa26.There were 53 samples carrying all three resistance genes simultaneously,accounting for 73.61%.A total of 51 germplasm materials carried the same resistance gene combination,namely Xa1,Xa5,and Xa26.Xa1,Xa26,and Xa5 were detected with the highest frequencies,which were 98.61%,93.06%,and 91.67%respectively.Cluster analysis divided 72 rice germplasm materials into 3 major categories:The I category included 64 materials,all of which carried both the Xa1 and Xa26 resistance genes simultaneously;the II category included 5 materials,all of which carried both the Xa1 and Xa5 resistance genes simultaneously;the III category included 3 materials,all of which carried the Xa1,Xa7,Xa23,and Xa26 resistance genes simultaneously.【Conclusion】The homogenization of bacterial blight resistance genes in rice germplasm materials is severe,and the polymorphism is relatively low.The proportion of materials carrying Xa1,Xa5 and Xa26 simultaneously is as high as 71%.However,there are only two germplasm materials carrying five resistance genes simultaneously,which can be used as source parents of disease-resistant genes and their innovative utilization should be strengthened.At the same time,efforts should be made to strengthen the protection of wild rice resources and local rice varieties resistant to bacterial blight,to preserve the diversity of rice germplasm,to discover more new genes for resistance to bacterial blight,and to widely utilize them in hybrid breeding to broaden the genetic background of rice resistance to bacterial blight,and to select more new materials that combine different combinations of disease-resistant genes.