文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：配合饲料和冰鲜杂鱼对高体鰤生长及肌肉营养成分的影响

英文题名：Effects of formulated feed and chilled trash fish on growth and muscle nutrient components of juvenile greater amberjack(Seriola dumerili)

作者：陈培培[1];茹笑影[2];黄洋[1,2];李锦[1];杨佳慧[1];杨桐林[1];朱琨锋[1];邹一帆[1];朱春华[1,2]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东省名特优鱼类生殖调控与繁育工程技术研究中心,广东省海水养殖生物育种工程实验室,广东湛江524088;[2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室,广东湛江524025

年份：2025

卷号：32

期号：2

起止页码：150

中文期刊名：中国水产科学

外文期刊名：Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

收录：北大核心2023、、北大核心

基金：广东省现代化海洋牧场适养品种核心技术攻关项目(2024-MRB-00-001);广东海洋大学项目(030301022301);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)项目(ZJW-2023-10)

语种：中文

中文关键词：高体鰤;配合饲料;冰鲜杂鱼;生长性能;肌肉营养成分

外文关键词：Seriola dumerili;formulated feed;chilled trash fish;growth performance;nutrient composition

中文摘要：高体鰤(Seriola dumerili)是一种掠食性鱼类,目前生产中普遍使用冰鲜杂鱼进行投喂,致使养殖过程病害频发。为探究人工配合饲料能否代替冰鲜杂鱼的使用,本研究选取180尾高体鰤幼鱼[初始体重:(274.93±11.17)g],随机分为两组,每组三个平行,分别投喂配合饲料与冰鲜杂鱼,进行为期60 d的人工养殖实验。结果显示:1.生长性能上,配合饲料组终末体重(FBW)、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)极显著低于冰鲜杂鱼组(P<0.01);两组间成活率(SR)、肥满度(CF)、肝体比(HSI)及脏体比(VSI)均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2.生长基因表达水平结果表明,配合饲料组肌肉中MyoG、MyoD1、MyoD2和COL1A1A基因的相对表达量显著升高(P<0.05),而肝脏IGF-2的相对表达量极显著降低(P<0.01)。3.两组间肌肉粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量无显著差异(P>0.05),配合饲料组全鱼粗脂肪含量和肌纤维密度极显著低于冰鲜杂鱼组(P<0.01),而全鱼粗蛋白含量和肌纤维横截面积极显著增大(P<0.01)。4.配合饲料组肌肉呈味氨基酸(Glu、Asp、Gly、Ala)含量、必需氨基酸含量和指数(EAAI)、氨基酸总量及n-6多不饱和脂肪酸水平均高于冰鲜杂鱼组(P<0.05),而冰鲜杂鱼组n-3多不饱和脂肪酸水平更高(P<0.01)。综上所述,相较于冰鲜杂鱼组,配合饲料能显著提高肌肉蛋白质水平、氨基酸组成及营养价值,同时促进肌肉生长基因和胶原蛋白基因的表达,而生长性能和n-3 PUFA水平偏低。本研究证明了在高体鰤养殖过程中人工配合饲料可替代冰鲜杂鱼,但需进一步调整优化饲料配方。

外文摘要：Seriola dumerili is a high-quality“sashimi”food,favored by consumers throughout the world because of its meaty texture and high nutritional value.At present,artificial culturing of Seriola dumerili is performed in Fujian,Guangdong,and Hainan,China,typically using a chilled trash fish diet,which results in frequent occurrence of diseases during culturing.To explore the effectiveness at replacement of chilled trash fish with artificial formulated feed,the present study was designed to investigate the effects of formulated feed and chilled trash fish on the growth and muscle nutrient composition of Seriola dumerili.A total of 180 Seriola dumerili with an initial body weight of(274.93±11.17)g were randomly assigned to two groups with three replicates each,with 30 fish per group which were fed either chilled trash fish or formulated feed for 60 d.The results showed that:1.In terms of growth performance,the final body weight(FBW),weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)of the formulated feed group were extremely significantly lower than those of the chilled trash fish group(P<0.01),whereas no significant differences(P>0.05)were observed between the two groups in terms of survival rate(SR),condition factor(CF),hepatosomatic index(HSI),and viscerosomatic index(VSI).2.The results of growth-related gene expression levels showed that the mRNA expression of MyoG,MyoD1,MyoD2,and COL1A1A was significantly up-regulated(P<0.05)in the muscle of the formulated feed group,whereas liver IGF-2 mRNA was highly significantly down-regulated(P<0.01).3.In terms of body composition,no significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to the crude lipid and crude protein content of muscle(P>0.05).The whole-body crude lipid content and muscle fiber density in the formulated feed group were significantly lower than those in the chilled trash fish group(P<0.01),whereas their crude protein content and average fiber cross-sectional area were significantly higher(P<0.01).No significant differences were found between the two groups in therms of moisture,water-soluble chloride,calcium,crude ash,and total phosphorus contents in muscle tissue(P>0.05).4.The contents of total amino acids(TAA),essential amino acids(EAA),and palatable amino acids(DAA)in muscle tissue of the formulated feed group were significantly higher than those in the chilled trash fish group(P<0.01).According to the EAAI,AAS,and CS scores,the muscle EAA index and score of the formulated feed group were higher than those of the chilled trash fish group;the first limiting amino acids of the two groups were Phe and Tyr,and the second limiting amino acid was Met.5.No significant difference in total saturated fatty acids(SFA)and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)in muscle was observed between the two groups(P>0.05),and the most abundant PUFA was DHA.The content of n-6 PUFA in the formulated feed group was significantly higher than that in the chilled trash fish group(P>0.05),whereas EPA,DHA,and n-3 PUFA levels were higher in the chilled trash fish group(P<0.01).In conclusion,compared with the chilled trash fish group,the formulated feed significantly increased muscle protein level,amino acid composition,and nutritional value,and it promoted the expression of muscle growth and collagen genes,whereas the growth performance and n-3 PUFA levels were low.This study demonstrated that chilled trash fish can be replaced by artificial formulated feed in Seriola dumerili aquaculture;however,formulated feed should be further adjusted and optimized in the subsequent feed research with regard to the n-3 PUFA level.