文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同时期高氮施肥对大豆光合生理特性及产量的影响

英文题名：Effects of High Nitrogen Fertilization at Different Stages on Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Soybean

作者：牟保民[1];刘雅[3];郑殿峰[2,1];冯乃杰[2,1];项洪涛[4];靳丹[1];王诗雅[1];刘美玲[1]

机构：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,大庆163319;[2]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院;[3]沈阳农业大学;[4]黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所

年份：2021

卷号：33

期号：6

起止页码：7

中文期刊名：黑龙江八一农垦大学学报

外文期刊名：journal of heilongjiang bayi agricultural university

基金：黑龙江省杰出青年基金项目(JC201309)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：氮肥;大豆;碳代谢;光合特性;产量

外文关键词：nitrogen fertilizer;soybean;carbon metabolism;photosynthetic characteristics;yield

中文摘要：为研究不同时期高氮施肥对大豆干物质积累、光合生理特性及产量的影响,以大豆品种"垦丰16"和"合丰50"为试验材料,进行大田试验。于播种前施尿素(71.1 kg·hm^(2))为N0处理和于大豆V2、V6、R1、R2和R4期施尿素(每次施尿素125.1 kg·hm^(2))为N1处理,并于R1~R6期进行取样,对不同时期高氮施肥下大豆干物质积累、光合特性和产量及产量构成因素进行测定和分析。结果表明,N1处理能有效促进大豆R1~R6期干物质的积累;显著增加"垦丰16"叶片R1和R2期蔗糖含量,R1、R3、R5和R6期果糖含量,R3~R6期可溶性糖含量,R3和R6期淀粉含量;显著增加"合丰50"叶片R1和R3期蔗糖含量,R1、R2、R3和R5期果糖含量,R2、R4和R5期淀粉含量和R2~R6期可溶性糖含量。与N0处理相比,N1处理明显提高两大豆品种的叶面积指数,显著增加"垦丰16"叶片SPAD值,增幅为5.48%,显著增加"合丰50"叶片气孔导度和蒸腾速率,增幅分别为35.14%和32.95%。与N0处理相比,N1处理均增加了R8期两品种单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重和产量,其中,"垦丰16",N1处理较N0处理分别增加9.09%、6.86%、11.01%和16.67%;"合丰50",N1处理较N0处理分别增加4.92%、6.04%、11.87%和16.52%。综上所述,不同时期高氮施肥可促进大豆干物质积累,促进碳代谢产物的合成,提高R6期叶片SPAD值、叶面积指数及光合能力,最终使大豆获得高产。

外文摘要：In order to study the effects of high nitrogen fertilization at different stages on dry matter accumulation,photosynthetic physiological characteristics and yield of soybean,field experiments were carried out with soybean varieties ’Kenfeng 16’and ’Hefeng 50’ as experimental materials.Before sowing,urea(4.74 kg·mu^(-1))was applied as N0 treatment and urea(8.34 kg·mu^(-1))was applied at V2,V6,R1,R2 and R4 stages of soybean as N1 treatment.Samples were taken at R1-R6 stage to determine and analyze the dry matter accumulation,photosynthetic characteristics,yield and yield components of soybean under high nitrogen fertilization at different stages.The results showed that N1 treatment could effectively promote the accumulation of dry matter in soybean at R1-R6 stage,significantly increase the sucrose content in R1 and R2 stages,fructose content in R1,R3,R5 and R6 stages,soluble sugar content in R3-R6 stage,starch content in R3 and R6 stages,sucrose content in R1 and R3 stages,fructose content in R1,R2,R3 and R5 stages,starch content in R2,R4 and R5 stages,and soluble sugar content in R2-R6 stage in’Kenfeng 16’leaves.Compared with N0 treatment,N1 treatment significantly increased the leaf area index of two soybean varieties,significantly increased the SPAD value of’Kenfeng 16’leaves by 5.48%,and significantly increased the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of’Hefeng 50’leaves by 35.14% and 32.95%,respectively.Compared with N0 treatment,N1 treatment increased the number of pods per plant,seeds per plant,100-grain weight and yield of the two varieties in R8 stage.Compared with N0 treatment,’Kenfeng 16’Magi N1 treatment increased by 9.09%,6.86%,11.01% and 16.67%,respectively.’Hefeng 50’Magne1 treatment increased by 4.92%,6.04%,11.87%and 16.52% compared with N0 treatment.The results showed that high nitrogen fertilization at different stages could promote soybean dry matter accumulation,promote the synthesis of carbon metabolites,increase leaf SPAD value,leaf area index and photosynthetic capacity in R6 stage,and finally achieve high yield of soybean.