文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：The roles of tropical and subtropical wind stress anomalies in the El Ni?o Modoki onset

作者：Wang X.[1,2];Guan C.[1,3];Huang R.X.[4];Tan W.[2,5];Wang L.[6]

机构：[1]State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Rd., Guangzhou, 510301, China;[2]Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China;[3]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;[4]Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States;[5]First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, China;[6]Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, Department of Oceanography, College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China

年份：2019

卷号：52

期号：11

起止页码：6585

外文期刊名：Climate Dynamics

收录：Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85056879615)

基金：Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant no. XDA20060502), National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0603200), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41422601, 41876021). Support for the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project dataset is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (DOE INCITE) program, and Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), and by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Ekman feedback; El Ni?o Modoki; Northern subtropical Pacific

外文摘要：The El Ni?o Modoki is separated into two types, El Ni?o Modoki I and El Ni?o Modoki II, which are characterized by substantially different mechanism. According to comparisons between the evolution of air-sea coupled processes and heat budget analyses, this study discovered the distinct dynamical mechanism of the onset of El Ni?o Modoki II compared to that of El Ni?o Modoki I. For El Ni?o Modoki I, westerly wind anomalies in the western Pacific appear earlier than warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the central tropical Pacific; in addition, zonal advection is responsible for changes in mixed-layer temperature in the Ni?o-4 region during the developing phase in spring and summer. However, warm SST anomalies accompany easterly anomalies in the central tropical Pacific, and there are no westerly anomalies in the western tropical Pacific during the developing phase in spring and summer for El Ni?o Modoki II. For El Ni?o Modoki II, Ekman feedback is the major contributor to changes in mixed-layer temperature. According to reanalysis data, the 2.5-layer model results and coupled model simulations, anomalous westerly wind stress in the subtropical North Pacific and easterly wind stress in the central–eastern tropical Pacific can lead to equatorward and westward oceanic current anomalies, thus enhancing meridional and zonal convergences at upper layer. Because anomalous convergence at upper layer can inhibit upwelling motion in the central tropical Pacific, SST anomalies in the central tropical Pacific tend to be warm, even without anomalous westerlies in the western Pacific. ? 2018, The Author(s).