文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：2种生态型蚯蚓对滨海农田土壤质量和微生物群落结构的影响

英文题名：Effects of two types of ecological earthworms on soil quality and microbial community structure in coastal farmland

作者：钟晓岚[1];杨贵琼[1];阳长洪[1];蔺中[2];李进[2];宋孟珂[3];李金成[4];甄珍[1]

机构：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088;[2]广东海洋大学化学与环境学院,广东湛江524088;[3]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642;[4]湛江市慧鹏农业生态科技有限公司,广东湛江524000

年份：2026

卷号：57

期号：1

起止页码：148

中文期刊名：南方农业学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Southern Agriculture

收录：北大核心2023、、北大核心

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977125);广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515012225,2022A1515010867,2024A1515010766)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：盐渍化土壤;生态型蚯蚓;氮循环;土壤酶活性;微生物群落结构

外文关键词：saline-alkali soil;ecological earthworms;nitrogen cycle;soil enzyme activity;microbial community structure

中文摘要：【目的】探究不同生态型蚯蚓对滨海盐渍化农田土壤质量和微生物群落结构的影响,揭示蚯蚓修复滨海盐渍化土壤的作用机制,为滨海盐渍化土壤的修复和改良提供理论依据。【方法】以滨海盐渍化农田土壤为研究对象,选取赤子爱胜蚓和威廉环毛蚓2种生态型蚯蚓为试验材料,设5个处理:低密度(30条/瓶)赤子爱胜蚓处理(SE1)、高密度(90条/瓶)赤子爱胜蚓处理(SE2)、低密度(10条/瓶)威廉环毛蚓处理(SP1)、高密度(30条/瓶)威廉环毛蚓处理(SP2)和不添加蚯蚓处理(CK),测定土壤理化性质和酶活性相关指标,探析土壤微生物群落结构的变化,并采用RStudio分析土壤微生物与环境因子之间的相关性。【结果】土壤理化性质分析结果显示,蚯蚓处理可降低滨海盐碱土的全盐含量和有机质含量,提高pH和腐殖质含量。培养第40 d,SE1、SE2、SP1和SP2处理的全盐含量较CK显著降低16.26%~20.73%(P<0.05,下同);有机质含量较CK显著降低5.75%~12.18%;pH较CK提高0.29~0.44;腐殖质含量较CK显著提高27.11%~37.20%。此外,蚯蚓处理可提高滨海盐碱土的全氮、铵态氮和硝态氮含量。土壤酶活性分析结果显示,除第0 d外,蚯蚓处理可提高滨海盐碱土的脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性;培养第40 d,与CK相比,脲酶活性显著提高21.84%~31.74%,蔗糖酶活性显著提高52.63%~67.89%,过氧化氢酶活性显著提高22.96%~35.54%。微生物群落结构分析结果显示,蚯蚓处理可提高鞘脂单胞菌科(Sphingomonadaceae)、黄单胞菌科(Xanthomonadaceae)、芽单胞菌科(Gemmatimonadaceae)、噬几丁质菌科(Chitinophagaceae)、亚硝化单胞菌科(Nitrosomonadaceae)和丛毛单胞菌科(Comamonadaceae)的相对丰度。相关分析结果显示,亚硝化单胞菌科、噬几丁质菌科、黄单胞菌科、丛毛单胞菌科和芽单胞菌科均与全盐含量呈显著负相关;黄单胞菌科、鞘脂单胞菌科、噬几丁质菌科和芽单胞菌科均与硝态氮含量、铵态氮含量和脲酶活性呈显著正相关。【结论】添加不同生态型和密度的蚯蚓可改善土壤理化性质、增强氮循环及相关酶活性、调控微生物群落结构,进而促进盐碱地土壤氮转化,加速土壤盐分下降,有效修复和改良滨海盐渍化土壤,以高密度威廉环毛蚓处理的综合效果最优。

外文摘要：【Objective】The study aimed to explore the effects of different of ecological earthworms on soil quality and microbial community structure in coastal saline-alkali farmland,reveal the mechanism by which earthworms restore saline-alkali soil in coastal areas,which would provide theoretical basis for the restoration and improvement of salinealkali soil in coastal areas.【Method】Taking the soil from coastal saline-alkali farmland as the research object,two eco logical types of earthworms,namely Eisenia fetida and Pheretima guillelmi,were selected as the experiment materials.Five treatments were set up:low-density(30 earthworm/bottle)Eisenia fetida(SE1),high-density(90 earthworm/bottle)Eisenia fetida(SE2),low-density(10 earthworm/bottle)Pheretima guillelmi(SP1),high-density(30 earthworm/bottle)Pheretima guillelmi(SP2),and no earthworm addition(CK).The indicators related to physicochemical proper ties of the soil and the enzyme activity were measured,the changes in the structure of the soil microbial community were studied,and RStudio was adopted to analyze the correlations between the soil microorganisms and environmental factors.【Result】The analysis of soil physicochemical properties showed that the treatment with earthworms could reduce the total salt content and organic matter content of coastal saline-alkali soil,and increased the pH and humus content.After 40 d of cultivation,the total salt content of SE1,SE2,SP1,and SP2 treatments was significantly decreased by 16.26%-20.73%compared to that of CK(P<0.05,the same below);the organic matter content was significantly decreased by 5.75%-12.18%compared to that of CK;pH was increased by 0.29-0.44 compared to that of CK;and the humus content was significantly increased by 27.11%-37.20%compared to that of CK.Earthworm treatments could increase the total nitro gen,ammonium nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen contents in coastal saline-alkali soil.Soil enzyme activity analysis indi cated that except for the 0th d,the earthworm treatment could also increase the urease,sucrose enzyme and peroxidase ac tivities of coastal saline-alkali soil;on the 40th d of cultivation,compared with CK,the urease activity significantly in creased by 21.84%-31.74%,the sucrose enzyme activity significantly increased by 52.63%-67.89%,and the peroxidase activity significantly increased by 22.96%-35.54%.The analysis of microbial community structure showed that earthworm treatment could increase the relative abundance of Sphingomonadaceae,Xanthomonadaceae,Gemmatimonadaceae,Chi tinophagaceae,Nitrosomonadaceae,and Comamonadaceae.The correlation analysis results indicated that Nitrosomona daceae,Chitinophagaceae,Xanthomonadaceae,Comamonadaceae,and Gemmatimonadaceae were all significantly negatively correlated with total salt content;while Xanthomonadaceae,Sphingomonadaceae,Chitinophagaceae and Gemmatimonadaceae were all significantly positively correlated with nitrate nitrogen content,ammonium nitrogen con tent,and urease activity.【Conclusion】Adding earthworms with different ecological types and densities can improve the physicochemical properties of the soil,enhance nitrogen cycling and related enzyme activities,regulate the structure of the microbial community,promote nitrogen transformation in saline-alkali soil,accelerate the reduction of soil salt con tent,and effectively restore and improve coastal saline-alkali soil.Among them,the combined effect of high-density Pheretima guillelmi treatment is the best.