文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：沙棘黄酮对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼生长、肠道形态、血清生化指标及转录组的影响

英文题名：Effects of Dietary Seabuckthorn Flavonoids on Growth Performance,Intestinal Morphology,Serum Biochemical Indices and Transcriptome in Juvenile Trachinotus ovatus

作者：蔡佳[1,2];曹攀辉[1];高曙晟[1];于兴杰[1];郭介宇[1];邹永烽[1];陈华谱[1];郭慧[1,2]

机构：[1]湛江海洋生态与养殖环境重点实验室/广东省水生动物疾病控制与健康养殖重点实验室/广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088;[2]广东海洋大学深圳研究院/广东省海洋经济动物种苗健康评估工程技术研究中心/深圳海洋经济动物种苗评估公共服务平台,广东深圳518108

年份：2026

卷号：46

期号：3

起止页码：88

中文期刊名：广东海洋大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

收录：北大核心2023、、北大核心

基金：广东海洋大学大学生创新创业计划项目(S202410566012);广东省普通高校重点领域专项(2023ZDZX4013);广东省科技成果入县达镇促进城乡区域协调发展专项(2015B0202010041);广东省科技计划项目(2025B0202080001)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：卵形鲳鲹幼鱼;沙棘黄酮;肠道组织形态;血清生化指标;转录组测序

外文关键词：juvenile Trachinotus ovatus;seabuckthorn flavonoids;intestinal morphology;serum biochemical indices;transcriptome sequencing

中文摘要：【目的】研究沙棘黄酮(SBFs)对卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)幼鱼肠道形态、免疫功能及分子调控机制的影响,为其作为功能性水产饲料添加剂的应用提供理论依据。【方法】在基础饲料中添加质量分数0%、0.05%、0.10%、0.15%的SBFs(记为对照、S1、S2、S3组),饲喂初始体质量(12.0±0.5)g的卵形鲳鲹幼鱼8周,通过生长性能测定、肠道组织形态观察、血清生化指标检测及转录组测序技术,系统评估SBFs对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道形态、免疫状况及关键代谢信号通路的影响。【结果】与对照组相比,各实验组卵形鲳鲹幼鱼的成活率、终末体质量、增质量率以及特定生长率无显著差异(P>0.05),S1与S3组摄食率显著下降(分别为1.23和1.27%/d),饲料效率显著提升(分别为0.74和0.73,P<0.05);肠道绒毛高度、肌层厚度与杯状细胞数量等指标随SBFs添加量的增加而呈现先升高后下降的趋势,S1组各项指标表现最佳,其绒毛高度(882.9μm)和肌层厚度(160.7μm)显著高于对照组和S3组(P<0.05),S1组杯状细胞数量(20.3个/绒毛)显著高于S3组(P<0.05);S3组各肠道指标均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);各实验组血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)与免疫球蛋白M(IgM)等免疫指标显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中S1组ALP活性、ACP活性、IgM质量浓度分别为273.7 IU/L、11.8 IU/L和2517.0μg/mL,显著高于其他组(P<0.05);各实验组血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)指标随SBFs添加量增加而显著升高,S3组显著最高(TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C浓度分别为10.6 mmol/L、10.1 mmol/L、1487.7μmol/L和9.1 mmol/L,P<0.05)。转录组结果显示,与对照组相比,S1组共鉴定到691个差异表达基因,其中353个上调基因,338个下调基因。KEGG通路富集分析表明,差异表达基因显著富集于PI3K-Akt信号通路、补体与凝血级联反应以及半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢等免疫与代谢相关的通路。其中,免疫防御与炎症调控相关基因A2M、SERPINA1,细胞外基质和组织稳态相关基因VTN、HSPG2,以及能量代谢相关基因GYS2、GLS均显著上调。以上结果表明,饲料中添加适量SBFs可能通过协同调节免疫应答、维持组织结构及代谢状态,从而改善卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道功能。【结论】饲料中添加0.05%沙棘黄酮可显著改善卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道组织结构、提高饲料利用效率并增强免疫功能,其作用与PI3K-Akt信号通路、补体与凝血级联反应等相关通路的协同调控有关。

外文摘要：【Objective】This study aims to investigate the effects of seabuckthorn flavonoids(SBFs)on intestinal morphology,immune function,and molecular regulatory mechanisms in juvenile Trachinotus ovatus,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the application of SBFs as a functional additive in aquaculture feeds.【Methods】T.ovatus juveniles with an initial body weight of(12.0±0.5)g were fed for 8 weeks with a basal diet supplemented with 0%,0.05%,0.10%,and 0.15%SFPs(designated as the control,S1,S2,and S3 groups,respectively).The growth performance,intestinal histomorphology,serum biochemical parameters,and transcriptomic sequencing were systematically assessed to evaluate the effects of dietary SBFs on intestinal morphology,immunological status,and key metabolic signaling pathways in juvenile T.ovatus.【Results】Compared with the control group,survival rate(SR),final body mass,mass gain rate(MGR),and specific growth rate(SGR)showed no significant differences among any of the experimental groups(P>0.05).However,feeding rate(FR)significantly decreased in the S1 and S3 groups(1.23 and 1.27%/d,respectively),while feed efficiency(FE)significantly improved(0.74 and 0.73,respectively;P<0.05).Intestinal indices,including villus height,muscle layer thickness,and goblet cell number,exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by a subsequent decline with increasing dietary SBFs levels.The S1 group achieved the best intestinal morphological performance,with villus height(882.9μm)and muscular layer thickness(160.7μm)significantly greater than those of both the control and S3 groups(P<0.05);goblet cell density in the S1 group(20.3 cells/villus)was also significantly higher than that in the S3 group.All intestinal morphological indices in the S3 group were significantly lower than those in the control group.3)Serum immune-related indices,including alkaline phosphatase(ALP),acid phosphatase(ACP),and immunoglobulin M(IgM),were significantly elevated in all experimental groups compared to the control group(P<0.05).Notably,the S1 group exhibited the highest ALP activity,ACP activity,and IgM concentration,at 273.7 IU/L,11.8 IU/L,and 2517.0μg/mL,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the remaining groups(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)increased significantly with increasing SBFs supplementation levels across all experimental groups,all peaking in the S3 group with concentrations of TC,TG,HDL-C,and LDL-C 10.6 mmol/L,10.1 mmol/L,1487.7μmol/L,and 9.1 mmol/L,respectively(P<0.05).Transcriptome sequencing revealed that 691 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in the S1 group compared with the control group,including 353 up-regulated and 338 down-regulated genes.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in immune-and metabolism-related pathways,including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,complement and coagulation cascades,and cysteine and methionine metabolism.Specifically,genes involved in immune defense and inflammatory regulation(A2M and SERPINA1),extracellular matrix and tissue homeostasis(VTN and HSPG2),and energy metabolism(GYS2 and GLS)were all significantly up-regulated,suggesting that appropriate SBFs supplementation might improve intestinal function in juvenile T.ovatus by synergistically modulating the immune responses,maintaining tissue structure and optimizing metabolic status.【Conclusion】Dietary supplementation with 0.05%SBFs significantly improves the intestinal morphology,enhances feed utilization efficiency and strengthens the immune function of juvenile T.ovatus.This beneficial effect may be attributed to the synergistic regulation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,complement and coagulation cascades,and other related pathways.